Pear Conferenceis an early fruiting pear variety, abundantly yielding and not very susceptible to diseases. Due to the very tasty, elongated fruits, it is extremely popular. The creamy white, buttery and juicy flesh is rich in vitamins and minerals. See what thepear cultivation of the Conferencelooks like on the plot, how to plant young pear trees and how to cut them annually. We also advise what diseases attack the pear tree and what to do to prevent them. Here are proven ways to get he althy pears from your own garden!
Grusza 'Conference'
Pear tree Conference - cultivation
The pear tree is more thermophilic than the apple tree. It blooms about 7 days before the apple trees. Its flowers are therefore more vulnerable to frost. The best place forpear cultivation of the Conferenceis the South-West exhibition, but avoid windstorms. During the fruit ripening period, sunny weather is favorable for their coloration and the formation of flower buds for the next year.
Pear Tree Conferencerequires fertile, well-drained and warm soils. The best soils for cultivating the Conference pear trees are fallow soils made of loams and loam sands and soils of silt deposits, e.g. chernozem or loess. The optimal pH for the Conference pear is 5.9-6.5.Pear is one of the species with excessive fruit set, which contributes to the alternation of fruiting and the deterioration of fruit quality. To avoid this, it is recommended to thin the fruit buds.This treatment is performed when the fruit reaches the size of a hazelnut.
In thepear cultivation Conferenceremember to fertilize. Plants need nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus and other micronutrients, including zinc. In early spring, the pear should be supplied with the first dose of nitrogen fertilizers, and the next one should be applied in mid-June. In the later years of cultivation, we reduce the amount of nitrogen to a minimum. It is worth using manure or compost inpear cultivation of the Conference . Granulated manure can be used to water pear trees.
Pear Tree Conference - planting
Planting Conference pear treesis best done in spring, as young pear trees are quite sensitive to frost. The plant is placed in the hole up to the level of the root system. When planting, an additional root strengthening agent can be used, e.g. mycorrhizal vaccines. As a result, trees take root faster and create a strong root system. Beforeplanting the pear trees of the Conference , it is also worth mixing manure with the soil at a dose of 120g / 1m².The soil in which we are going to plant pear trees should be free of weeds, enriched with nutrients, adjusted to an appropriate pH by liming or acidification. It is also recommended to improve its physicochemical properties by plowing the plants into green manure or using compost. At the bottom of each hole we put humus soil on which we put the tree. Cover the hole with soil, tread it and then water it thoroughly.
Pear Tree Conference - cutting
Cutting the pear of the Conferenceinvolves removing the branches that are too weak and leaving the shoots behind. The tree bears fruit best on two and three-year-old shoots. We remove some of the annual growths and branches older than four years.
We run the young maiden in the form of a spindle. Socutting a pear of the Conferenceinvolves removing all shoots to a height of 70 cm. From the shoots growing above, three are selected evenly spaced around the main axis, and the rest are cut out.The remaining shoots are shortened by about a third of their length. If they are too raised, they must be folded away from the trunk with struts or tied down with lashings. In such a way as to achieve an angle of 60 ° to the vertical. The handler is shortened about 40 cm above the highest side shoot and competing shoots are completely removed.
Do not forget aboutcutting a fruiting pear. ConferenceIf this procedure is neglected, it will become unproductive due to the lack of nourishing long shoots. Stems bent to the level form side shoots, from which flowers grow at the apex buds. The branch bent under the weight of the fruit is removed and rejuvenated until the main shoot is rising.
Pear Conference - diseases
Despite the high resistance of the Conference pear to diseases, it is sometimes attacked by some fungal or bacterial diseases. Learn about the most dangerouspear diseases of the Conferenceand find out what sprays to use to reduce infection to a minimum.
Pear rust
Cold winter, cool spring, wet summer and excessive nitrogen fertilization and the lack of potassium in the soil contribute to the occurrence of a dangerouspear disease Conferencewhich is pear rust. If we want to avoid infection with rust, do not plant Sabinian juniper near pear trees and perform prophylactic spraying of pear trees with plant protection products.The point of junipers is that they are intermediate hosts of pear rust, and the disease they cause is juniper rust. On junipers, the fungus hibernates, and in spring, from junipers, the spores reach the pear trees and infect their leaves. The spores then break free from the pear leaves in the fall and infect the junipers again. If we already have junipers in the garden, they should be carefully inspected and, if necessary, shoots showing rust symptoms (orange, gelatinous growths and thickening of the shoots) should be cut out, and the whole junipers should be sprayed with Saprol Hobby long-acting or Scorpion 325 SC. In the event of severe rust infestation, unfortunately, diseased junipers must be completely removed.
At the Conference pear, rusty mycelia appearing on the underside of the leaves are symptoms of pear rust. Since May, orange spots can be seen on the upper side of the leaf blade, which grow in size over time and turn into growths - galls. In the period of the pink bud, spray Magnicur Gold. It should be noted here that the pear trees are sprayed with a different means of protection than junipers, because the above-mentioned ones for spraying junipers are not allowed to be sprayed on pears.
Pear scab
The first symptoms of pear scab can be observed in May. On the upper side of the leaf blade appear small, olive-colored spots covered with a delicate coating of conidia. Fruit stains dry up and crack, and scab-affected fruit is unpalatable. In pear trees, this disease is de alt with in the same way as apple scab. In the fall, the Conference pear tree should be sprayed with a 0.5% urea solution, which reduces the possibility of survival of the fungus overwintering until the next season.Spring spraying of pear fruit trees is performed in the green bud phase, just before flowering and after flowering, using Miedzian 50 WP, Discus 500 WG or Mythos 300 SC.
Fire blight
Fire blight is a bacterial disease that infects pear blossoms in the first place. They rapidly wilt, turn brown and die. On the leaves, brown spots appear, which over time cover the entire leaf blade, causing the leaves to turn black and curl. They remain in this form on the tree throughout the growing season. The shoots look like they have been burned with fire. Fire blight is a very dangerous disease. If it attacks a pear tree, unfortunately it has to be removed from the orchard. That is why it is so important to use spring spraying of fruit trees with copper preparations, eg Miedzian 50 WG, which prevent this disease.
MSc Eng. Joanna Białowąs
