Standard roses , also known as rose trees, are shrubs with seasonal leaves and beautiful flowers. They look great at discounts and emphasize representative places in our gardens. They are also a great choice for a terrace or patio. See what interestingvarieties of stem rosesto choose for the garden, how to carry outplanting stem rosesand what is the correctcare for stem roses, ensuring their abundant flowering and maintaining a nice habit of rose trees.
Rose roses
Standard roses - care
Care of stem rosesis based on proper fertilization, watering and pruning of bushes. Standard roses require a sunny to semi-shaded position. Sheltered from the wind. They will do best in sandy loam soil with a slightly acidic or neutral reaction.
Fertilization of spring rosesshould be done once a season using loose multi-component mineral fertilizers (universal or special fertilizers for roses can be used) or organic fertilizers, such as manure and compost. You can also water with a liquid mineral fertilizer for flowering plants, which is used by diluting it with watering water, usually every 2 weeks (the instructions are always on the fertilizer packaging). We finish fertilizing the roses by mid-July so that the plant does not produce new shoots before the fall (too late fertilization will make it difficult for the bush to enter the winter dormancy).
Standard rosesshould be watered rarely but abundantly.At the same time, remember not to wet the leaves and flowers. In this way, we will avoid dangerous fungal diseases such as black spot or powdery mildew. We handle rose roses in pots on terraces and balconies a bit differently, because the soil can dry out quickly and sometimes (especially in hot weather) plants need to be watered even every day.
No less important procedure ispruning the stem roses In early spring, cut strong stems of stem roses to 3-5 buds above the grafting site. In the next year of cultivation, we remove diseased, crossed and dead shoots. In addition, trim new shoots into 3-5 buds, and the remaining side shoots into 2-4 buds. In the following years, we cut the standard roses sparingly, cutting out sick shoots and thickening the shrub too much. It is necessary to remove over-blooming inflorescences that reduce the decorative value of roses. In this way, we will additionally force the roses to bloom again. Stem roses may appear on the rootstock below the grafting site.They need to be removed as soon as possible.
Standard roses - varieties
Standard rosesare grafted on the stem (stem) of a wild rose or its cultivars. Most often at a height of 90, 120, 140 cm. The most popular standard roses branch at a height of 90 cm and reach a height of 1.5-1.8 m. In the stem form, we can meet various varieties belonging to the following groups: large-flowered, multi-flowered, ground-cover, climbing and park roses. Standard roses often have two or three eyes grafted. Such grafting guarantees the formation of a regular, spherical crown.
Standard large-flowered roses will delight with large, full-fledged flowers suitable for cutting.Stem rose variety'Ingrid Bergman' is a basic red rose that is frost-resistant and can withstand pruning. Dark red, fragrant flowers stay on the shoot for a long time. Another equally interestingvariety of the large-flowered roseis the white rose 'Polarstern'. It has large full flowers.It is highly resistant to diseases and frost.
Another group are multi-flower standard roses. Their flowers are smaller than large-flowered, single or full-flowered roses. Among this group, interesting varieties are: 'Friesia' or the intensely pink and disease resistant rose 'Queen Elizabeth'. 'Friesia' is a very attractive rose with intense yellow, full and fragrant flowers.
Climbing roses grafted on a trunk are very interesting in their stem form. Their slender stems slope slightly downwards, forming an umbrella-shaped tree. Among the umbrella-shaped stem roses, the cultivars 'Paul's Scarlet Climber' with blood-red flowers and slack stems, blooming long and profusely, and 'Super Dorothy' with dark pink flowers, repeated flowering, may prove irreplaceable. The 'Golden Showers' variety, on the other hand, impresses with its golden-yellow, semi-double flowers that are fragrant. Additionally, it is resistant to diseases and frost.
Standard roses - how to plant?
Before planting a rose, the substrate should be properly prepared. It is important to remove weeds and enrich the soil with nutrients. Whenplanting a roseit is advisable to sprinkle a layer of compost into the dug hole. You can buy standard roses with bare roots (dug from the ground) or grown in containers.
Standard roseswith bare roots should be planted during their winter dormancy, in late autumn or early spring. In turn, standard roses in containers can be planted throughout the growing season. Dig a hole, at the bottom of which we make a mound of a mixture of ready-made rose substrate or compost, place the plant, cover with soil and water abundantly.
Remember to always securely fasten the plant to the stake when planting a rose . Strong wind can seriously damage the bush, so we drive the stake into the ground on the windward side of the plant, so that the trunk is not rubbed against the stake during strong gusts of wind.The top of the stake should be slightly below the vaccination site. We attach a stump rose to the stake with two or three ties.
MSc Eng. Joanna Białowąs
