Apple trees enriched on super-dwarf rootstocks (eg P.22) have a small root system, therefore they are characterized by exceptionally poor growth.Usually their height does not exceed two meters, even after many years, so they are especially recommended for small gardens.Such trees, however, require supports so that they do not fall over. Even though the trees are fertile, we will not get much harvest from a small crown.
Another group of washers are dwarf washers. These are currently the most widely used rootstocks for apple trees.The most famous in Poland and throughout Europe is M.9. Apart from it, P.60 and P.59 are also popular and recommended. The trees on dwarf rootstocks do not grow very strongly and bear fruit abundantly.They also start fruiting quickly - often in the second year after planting.
Half-dwarf rootstocks (eg M.26, M.7, MM.106 and P.14) are also widely used in the production of apple trees. They have the same advantages as dwarf rootstocks, but with the difference that trees will grow more strongly and will reach larger sizes than the same varieties grafted on weaker growing rootstocks.
The strongest growing trees will be obtained if we inoculate them on strong growing rootstocks. Such trees will therefore only be suitable for large gardens.Sumptuous, spreading tree crowns prove that vigorously growing rootstocks were used for the production of the tree.The advantage of these rootstocks is the longevity of trees (they can live up to 100 years). The disadvantage, however, is too strong growth and late beginning of fruiting, which often occurs even 4-5 years after planting.Antonówka seedling and MM.111 and A.2 are very good vigorously growing rootstocks.
