The author of the text is dr inż. Dariusz Dereń
In ancient times, two wild-growing species - blackthorn and ałycza crossed each other many times, giving rise to hybrids, which are the starting forms of the currently cultivated varieties of plums.Many fruiting varieties known to this day
in our gardens or orchards they are their descendants.
In Poland, Hungarian women are the most popular and valued. Although they are not too large, they are perfect for drying, as well as for delicious, aromatic plum jam and jams.It is worth mentioning that the best slivovitz is made of real slivovice. The most appreciated is the ordinary Hungarian, despite its high sensitivity to sharka. The fruit of this plum tree, even when fully ripe, does not tend to fall off. Thanks to this, we collect them when they are slightly under the shade and the skin starts to wrinkle.
They then become exceptionally sweet and aromatic. Among those recommended for cultivation, the common Hungarian clones with the names 'Promis', 'Nectavit' and 'Tolar', which tolerate shark, are particularly suitable. Another group of plum trees is greenhouse.Contrary to the purple color of the skin, they can be red, yellow, green and even blue.Their fruit is also usually much larger and round.
One of the tastiest greenhouse is 'Renkloda Ulena'. The fruit of this variety is extremely dessert and the best to eat straight from the tree. The jelly-like consistency, light yellow color and sweetness of the flesh are the characteristic features of this variety.
Bears large fruit reaching up to several dozen grams. Another amateur variety is the 'Opal' plum. It also has a spherical shape and a sour-sweet flavor.Due to the very good departure of the stone from the flesh, it is also an excellent variety for the preparation of compotes.One of the latest varieties - 'Empress', ripens in October. It looks like Hungarian, but its fruits are very large.
Exotic novelties in the orchard
Mirabelki and ałycza
Mirabelle plum trees are a separate group. They bear the smallest spherical fruit, perfect for preserves. One of the best known varieties is 'Mirabelka z Nancy'.This is an old French variety recommended for home garden cultivation due to its high fertility and high disease resistance.
Speaking of plums, it is also worth mentioning aliche. It produces very characteristic, spherical, small fruits with a golden-yellow color of the skin and flesh.When fully matured, they have a pleasant, honey-sweet taste.Ałycza is valued primarily for the fact that it is a very good rootstock for noble varieties.
