Annual peppers are the most widely cultivated among species belonging to the genus Capsicum. The variety of forms and varieties of this species is very large.The varieties differ in the size and shape of the fruit, their color in the phase of physiological maturity, as well as the size of the plants and their habit.They can be compact, erect or branchy, 25-40 cm high (small) , 45-80 cm (intermediate) and above 85 cm (high).
Intermediate and tall varieties are usually grown under cover, in tunnels or greenhouses, while in field cultivation rather small varieties are used. The climatic requirements of peppers, just like tomatoes or cucurbits, are high, so they can only be planted in the frost-free period. Cooling down to 5 ° C for several days may cause permanent damage and plant death, as well as slight frosts or temperatures of 0 ° C.
Peppers are also perfect for growing on terraces or windowsills.Grown under cover, tall varieties need to be guided by twines, which support slightly stiff shoots.As with tomatoes, side shoots can be removed.
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The fruits of sweet peppers grown in the field usually contain more vitamins and biologically active substances than fruits obtained from cultivation under cover.The appropriate spacing of plants also plays an important role - the more densely they grow, the less nutrients they contain, and vice versa.It is best to eat red, thin-walled fruits, because they contain the most vitamin C.
What are our plants missing?
An important issue in growing vegetables is to provide them with the right amount of nutrients. Especially in the case of such demanding vegetables as peppers.If during plant vegetation we observe disturbing discoloration on leaves or stunted growth, we can be sure that these are symptoms of nutrient deficiencies.
Chlorosis on older leaves may indicate a deficiency of: nitrogen N, phosphorus P, magnesium Mg, potassium K and zinc Zn. On the other hand, symptoms of deficiencies on young leaves may indicate disturbances in the absorption of elements such as: manganese Mn, Mo molybdenum, calcium Ca, iron Fe, sulfur S or copper Cu.
In such a situation, it is best to apply foliar fertilization with the use of liquid fertilizers in the appropriate dilution recommended by the manufacturer. The use of higher doses may damage the leaves.
Peppers are also a source of beta carotene and cryptoxanthin, necessary for the synthesis of vitamin A, and vitamins B1, B2, B6, E, H, P. The substance responsible for the spicy taste, capsaicin, is also involved in the transformation of our body into endorphins, commonly known as happiness hormones. sweet, large-fruited.
