The author of the text is MSc. Beata Romanowska
Nawłocie, popularly known as mimosa, bloom from mid-summer to the end of autumn. They grow on any soil, in a sunny position.They can be found in dry forests, especially pine ones, in thickets, in wastelands.
Botanists have counted nearly 100 species of goldenrod. One of them is the goldenrod Solidago virgaurea. It grows in Europe, West Asia, North Africa and North America.It occurs all over Poland, but it is superseded by expansive non-European species, mainly American, which were initially cultivated in Europe only in collections of ornamental plants as botanical curiosities.
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Nawłoć pospolita S. virgaurea herba (Photo: Fotolia.com) |
The medicinal raw material is the goldenrod herb S. virgaurea herba, as well as the goldenrod herb S. herba, which is a mixture of various types of goldenrod with a predominance of Canadian goldenrod S. canadensis and giant (late) goldenrod S. gigantea, native to Europe species North American.
The common goldenrod blooms from July to October and grows up to 120 cm.The stem has little branching, densely foliage, with flowers arranged in bunches.The inflorescence stem grows in the second year. Rhizomes are short, lumpy, with numerous roots.
Canadian goldenrod grows up to 1.5 meters. It blooms from August to September. Flowers gathered in tiny baskets form large dangling panicles. Rhizomes are very strong, creeping, with underground runners, which allows them to spread easily.Giant goldenrod is similar to the common goldenrod, but differs in minor morphological features, e.g. marginal flowers have longer tongues than the internal ones.
Garden goldenrod S. x hybrida, which is a hybrid of Canadian goldenrod with other species, eg goldenrod, is similar to Canadian goldenrod, but has larger flowers. It blooms on different dates, e.g. the 'Goldweld' variety from July to August, and the 'Spätgold' variety in September-October.
Mimosa can be used to create park and garden groups as well as perennial hedges - especially goldenrod. Goldenrod flowers are eagerly flown by bees. The honey obtained is slightly acidic and crystallizes quickly. Inflorescences are suitable for droughts. After flowering, cut the inflorescences to prevent seed formation, as goldenrod is easy to spread.It can be propagated by dividing plants in spring.
Valuable herb
Ancient Germanic tribes used goldenrod mainly in diseases of the urinary system (kidney and gallstone disease), and in the Middle Ages it was used as a means of disinfecting wounds.Modern phytotherapy recommends goldenrod as a diuretic, astringent, antiseptic, antibacterial, anti-inflammatory and detoxifying herb.
Stimulates the functions of the immune system thanks to the content of flavonoids (including rutin, quercetin and quercitin), tannins, poly-phenolic acids, essential oils and others.It is part of herbal mixtures and extracts that primarily treat kidney and urinary tract diseases.
