The fruit trees currently offered on the market are usually noble varieties, yielding abundant crops, grafted on resistant and undemandingrootstocks for fruit treesInformation about the species and varieties of fruit trees available in stores no problem. The role of the washer is much less appreciated. Meanwhile, the rootstock has a significant effect on growth and yield. It is therefore worth getting to know the features of the most popularrootstocks for fruit trees
Rootstocks for fruit trees determine the frost resistance and growth rate of the tree
Typerootstocks for fruit treesplays a very important role not only during the acclimatization of the plant in a new place, but also in later years on the growth strength of the noble variety and its ability to quickly delivering fruit.
For anyone who would like to plant several fruit trees of different species on their plot or in their garden, it is very important to mark the rootstocks used by nurserymen. Below we present the most common types ofrootstocks for fruit treesand their influence on the development of the noble variety grafted onto them.
Rootstocks for apple trees
M9- dwarf rootstock with a poorly developed root system. The trees require fertile, moist and warm soils and stakes because they can tip over under the weight of the fruit or the pressure of gusty winds. Trees grafted on this rootstock do not reach large sizes, they quickly start fruiting and their yield is very abundant.
P60- semi-dwarf rootstock resistant to frost and not demanding on the soil. Trees require stakes because they can overturn under the influence of wind. Plants become fruiting later than those grafted onto M9.
M26- the most commonly used half-dwarf rootstock. Varieties grafted on this rootstock quickly start fruiting and give much higher yields than those grafted on the M9 rootstock. Plants are very frost-resistant and do not have high soil requirements. Trees are worth staking because they can tip over.
MM106- another half-dwarf rootstock. The trees have a strong root system, low soil requirements and high fruit yields.
Rootstocks for pear trees
Caucasian pear- frost-resistant, he althy rootstock. There are no high soil requirements. The first fruits may appear in the second year after planting the trees on the plot.
Quince S- grows moderately fast, it is sufficiently resistant to frost. The first fruits usually appear in the second year after planting. Plants bear fruit abundantly every year.
Cherry rootstocks
Bird cherry- trees grow vigorously, have average soil requirements but are not completely frost resistant and can freeze during snowless winters.
PHL A, PHL C- trees grow much weaker than those grafted on bird cherries. They start bearing fruit very quickly after planting, but have high soil requirements and will not grow well everywhere.
Gisela 5- it is a half-dwarf rootstock, highly frost-resistant. The trees begin to bear a good harvest quickly. Due to their small size, trees grafted on this rootstock are suitable for small plots.
Stems for plums
Hungarian Wangenheim- rootstock with a strong root system, resistant to frost and undemanding to the substrate. Noble varieties grafted on it begin bearing fruit early and they yield profusely.
Plum plum tree- the most popular rootstock used for grafting plums. It is resistant to frost, diseases and pests and undemanding to the soil. The trees grow moderately fast and they start fruiting quite quickly.
Pixy- this is a dwarf rootstock that does not produce root suckers. It has a strong root system, thanks to which the trees do not require staking. Varieties grafted on this rootstock grow much less, which makes them perfect even for small gardens.
